A: In ciliate protozoans, a row of kinetosomes along with kinetodesmata constitute a kinety. It lies just below the pellicle.
Q: What are dynein arms? What is their significance?
A: a. Each A tubule of the each peripheral tubule of flagellum has a pair of arms,
known as dynein arms. They extend towards B tubule of the adjacent doublet.
b. Dynein arms help in bending of flagellum.
Q: Differentiate proter and opisthe.
A: During binary fission in Paramecium, the daughter individual formed from the anterior
half of the parent is called proter and that is formed from the posterior part is
known as opisthe.
Q: Define conjugation with reference to ciliates. Give two examples.
A: Temporary union of two ciliates for the exchange of micronuclear material is
known as conjugation. Eg: Paramecium, Vorticella.
Q: Why do we refer to the offspring formed by asexual method of reproduction, a
clone?
A: As the daughter individuals formed by asexual reproduction are morphologically
as well as genetically similar to that of the parent organism, they are described as
a clone.
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